Türkiye, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan activate joint defence pact over Houthi attacks

Türkiye, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan agreed at an emergency meeting in Riyadh to trigger collective deterrence measures under the mutual-defence pact they signed in Mecca on 7 August, under which an attack on one is treated as an attack on all three. The move responds to Houthi attacks on Saudi Arabia and commits the three countries to joint military steps rather than leaving Saudi Arabia to answer the strikes alone.

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